The article investigates the case of Velja Gorana, a small village located in the southern part of Montenegro between the towns of Bar and Ulcinj. The area is adjacent to the Albanian-Montenegrin border and has a mixed Muslim Slavic,... more
The article investigates the case of Velja Gorana, a small village located in the southern part of Montenegro between the towns of Bar and Ulcinj. The area is adjacent to the Albanian-Montenegrin border and has a mixed Muslim Slavic, Muslim Albanian, Orthodox Slavic and Catholic Albanian population. As it seems, Velja Gorana represents a good example of the balanced language contact situation, generally defined as “a long-standing linguistic area and stable multilingualism without any dominance relationships” (Aikhenvald, 2007: 42).
This paper aims at the description of the bilingual scenarios occurring in the families of present-day Velja Gorana and the reconstruction of the patterns of bilingual interaction that were characteristic of the local community in the past. The research data were collected during the 2012–2016 field trips to this area. First, we consider the use of languages in everyday communication of the two ethnically mixed families of Velja Gorana and discuss linguistic competences of their members. Second, we analyze the genealogies of the two biggest families, throwing light on the formation of Velja Gorana and the initial Albanian and Slavic components in its population. The proposed microanalysis of bilingual interaction in Velja Gorana aims at showing and modeling how a balanced language contact situation emerges and is maintained. We may suppose that communities of this kind could have existed in the Balkan area during the attested period of the Balkan Sprachbund and could have played an important role in its formation. The results of our study of Velja Gorana can be taken into consideration in the further research and modeling of those contact processes that took place in the Balkans and beyond.
This paper aims at the description of the bilingual scenarios occurring in the families of present-day Velja Gorana and the reconstruction of the patterns of bilingual interaction that were characteristic of the local community in the past. The research data were collected during the 2012–2016 field trips to this area. First, we consider the use of languages in everyday communication of the two ethnically mixed families of Velja Gorana and discuss linguistic competences of their members. Second, we analyze the genealogies of the two biggest families, throwing light on the formation of Velja Gorana and the initial Albanian and Slavic components in its population. The proposed microanalysis of bilingual interaction in Velja Gorana aims at showing and modeling how a balanced language contact situation emerges and is maintained. We may suppose that communities of this kind could have existed in the Balkan area during the attested period of the Balkan Sprachbund and could have played an important role in its formation. The results of our study of Velja Gorana can be taken into consideration in the further research and modeling of those contact processes that took place in the Balkans and beyond.
Research Interests:
В статье описываются стратегии выбора языка и переключения кодов (ПК) в славянско-албанском билингвальном сообществе, которое проживает в селе Веля-Горана на юге Черногории. Предпринята попытка выяснить, как на наличие или отсутствие ПК... more
В статье описываются стратегии выбора языка и переключения кодов (ПК) в славянско-албанском билингвальном сообществе, которое проживает в селе Веля-Горана на юге Черногории. Предпринята попытка выяснить, как на наличие или отсутствие ПК влияют индивидуальные особенности коммуникантов (возраст, пол, происхождение, уровень языковой компетенции и др.) и какие конвенции и «правила», регламентирующие выбор языка и ПК, существуют в изучаемом сообществе. Материалом для исследования служат записи диалогов и полилогов с участием моно- и билингвальных говорящих, сделанные в ходе полевой работы в Веля-Горане в 2014–2015 годах.
The article describes strategies of language choice and codeswitching
(CS) in the Slavic-Albanian bilingual community, which lives in the village
of Velja Gorana in the south of Montenegro. An attempt has been made to find out how individual features of communicants (age, sex, origin, linguistic competence, etc.) influence the presence or absence of CS, and what conventions and rules governing the language choice and CS exist in the community. The study is based on dialogues and polylogues with the participation of monolingual and bilingual speakers, recorded during the field trips in Velja Gorana in the years 2014 and 2015.
The article describes strategies of language choice and codeswitching
(CS) in the Slavic-Albanian bilingual community, which lives in the village
of Velja Gorana in the south of Montenegro. An attempt has been made to find out how individual features of communicants (age, sex, origin, linguistic competence, etc.) influence the presence or absence of CS, and what conventions and rules governing the language choice and CS exist in the community. The study is based on dialogues and polylogues with the participation of monolingual and bilingual speakers, recorded during the field trips in Velja Gorana in the years 2014 and 2015.
Research Interests:
Целью статьи является уточнение содержания понятия «сбалансированного языкового контакта» (balanced language contact) и построение модели контактноязыковой ситуации (в прошлом и настоящем) в одном из этнически и лингвистически... more
Целью статьи является уточнение содержания понятия «сбалансированного языкового контакта» (balanced language contact) и построение модели контактноязыковой ситуации (в прошлом и настоящем) в одном из этнически и лингвистически неоднородных районов черногорско-албанского языкового
пограничья. Объектом исследования является ситуация в билингвальном сообществе села Веля-Горана (область Мрковичи на юге Черногории), в котором языковой контакт, на первый взгляд, демонстрирует черты «сбалансированности».
Языковая ситуация в Веля-Горане представлена в статье в виде ряда микроситуаций, или сценариев, реализуемых на уровне отдельной семьи и индивидуального говорящего. Внимание уделяется не только сценариям коммуникации в семейном домейне, но и внешним связям членов сообщества.
На этом материале авторы делают попытку разработать методологию для оценки роли обоих языков в подобных сообществах вообще: показать, какие факторы влияют на индивидуальное языковое поведение; как это поведение
меняется с возрастом; каким образом из достаточно разнообразных индивидуальных стратегий складывается то, что можно назвать речевым поведением отдельно взятого полилингвального языкового сообщества.
Анализ сведений об истории Веля-Гораны, в частности подробное рассмотрение происхождения, генеалогий и брачных стратегий населяющих ее семейств, позволяет реконструировать механизмы развития «лингвистической экзогамии» в сообществе Веля-Гораны и сделать предположения о характере контактной ситуации в регионе в прошлом.
The article aims to clarify the notion of “balanced language contact” and to model the situation of a language contact (in the present and the past) in one of the ethnically and linguistically mixed regions of the Montenegrin-Albanian linguistic border. The study focuses on the situation in the bilingual community of the village of Velja Gorana, located in the area of Mrkovići in Southern Montenegro. The community of the village, as it seems at a first glance, provides a good example of a “balanced contact” situation. The language situation in Velja Gorana is described in the article as a set of micro-situations, or scenarios, developing on family and individual levels.
Attention is paid not only to the communication in the family domain, but
also to the external relations of the community members. Following on from this material, the authors attempt to develop a methodology for assessing the role of both languages in such communities in general, showing which factors influence individual linguistic behavior; how this behavior may change during an individual lifetime; how the different speakers’ strategies amalgamate in what can be considered as behavior of a multilingual speech community.
Analyzing the information on the history of Velia Gorana, in particular,
conducting a detailed examination of the origins, genealogies and marriage strategies of its families, allows the authors to reconstruct the mechanisms for the development of “linguistic exogamy” in the community of Velja Gorana and to make assumptions about the nature of the contact situation in this region in the past.
пограничья. Объектом исследования является ситуация в билингвальном сообществе села Веля-Горана (область Мрковичи на юге Черногории), в котором языковой контакт, на первый взгляд, демонстрирует черты «сбалансированности».
Языковая ситуация в Веля-Горане представлена в статье в виде ряда микроситуаций, или сценариев, реализуемых на уровне отдельной семьи и индивидуального говорящего. Внимание уделяется не только сценариям коммуникации в семейном домейне, но и внешним связям членов сообщества.
На этом материале авторы делают попытку разработать методологию для оценки роли обоих языков в подобных сообществах вообще: показать, какие факторы влияют на индивидуальное языковое поведение; как это поведение
меняется с возрастом; каким образом из достаточно разнообразных индивидуальных стратегий складывается то, что можно назвать речевым поведением отдельно взятого полилингвального языкового сообщества.
Анализ сведений об истории Веля-Гораны, в частности подробное рассмотрение происхождения, генеалогий и брачных стратегий населяющих ее семейств, позволяет реконструировать механизмы развития «лингвистической экзогамии» в сообществе Веля-Гораны и сделать предположения о характере контактной ситуации в регионе в прошлом.
The article aims to clarify the notion of “balanced language contact” and to model the situation of a language contact (in the present and the past) in one of the ethnically and linguistically mixed regions of the Montenegrin-Albanian linguistic border. The study focuses on the situation in the bilingual community of the village of Velja Gorana, located in the area of Mrkovići in Southern Montenegro. The community of the village, as it seems at a first glance, provides a good example of a “balanced contact” situation. The language situation in Velja Gorana is described in the article as a set of micro-situations, or scenarios, developing on family and individual levels.
Attention is paid not only to the communication in the family domain, but
also to the external relations of the community members. Following on from this material, the authors attempt to develop a methodology for assessing the role of both languages in such communities in general, showing which factors influence individual linguistic behavior; how this behavior may change during an individual lifetime; how the different speakers’ strategies amalgamate in what can be considered as behavior of a multilingual speech community.
Analyzing the information on the history of Velia Gorana, in particular,
conducting a detailed examination of the origins, genealogies and marriage strategies of its families, allows the authors to reconstruct the mechanisms for the development of “linguistic exogamy” in the community of Velja Gorana and to make assumptions about the nature of the contact situation in this region in the past.
Research Interests:
Full list of publications by Maria S. Morozova (upd. on January 23, 2019)
The publication contains several texts and extracts from interviews in the Albanian dialect spoken in Ukraine. These data were recorded during the fieldwork in the villages of Zhovtnevoe / Karakurt (2011–2013), Georgievka, Devninskoe and... more
The publication contains several texts and extracts from interviews in the Albanian dialect spoken in Ukraine. These data were recorded during the fieldwork in the villages of Zhovtnevoe / Karakurt (2011–2013), Georgievka, Devninskoe and Gammovka (2005–2010, 2012). The texts and interviews from Zhovtnevoe, Georgievka and Devninskoe, as well as the interview with Anna D. Serbina (b. 1938) from Gammovka were recorded and transcribed by M. Morozova. The interview with Zinaida M. Kayrachka (b. 1929) was recorded by D. Ermolin and Ilya K. Uchitel, and the published extract was transcribed by M. Morozova. All texts are written in phonetic phonological transcription using IPA notation. The main topics covered in the narratives in the Appendix are as follows: wedding rites (godparents and their roles in the wedding ceremony), the kurban ritual in Zhovtnevoe / Karakurt (a process of ritual lamb slaughter, cooking of a ritual dish, the ritual meal ), traditional cuisine, folk medicine, observations on the rural lifestyle, and some biographical facts. The publication also contains the texts of two folk songs performed by Elena I. Dzyngova (b. 1922) from Devninskoe.
Публикация включает тексты и фрагменты интервью на говоре албанцев Украины, записанные в ходе экспедиций в село Жовтневое / Каракурт (2011-2013) и села Георгиевку, Девнинское и Гаммовку (2005–2010, 2012). Тексты и интервью из с. Жовтневого, Георгиевки и Девнинского, а также интервью с А.Д. Сербиной (1938 г.р.) из с. Гаммовки записала и расшифровала М.С. Морозова. Интервью с З.М. Кайрачкой (1929 г.р.) из с. Гаммовки записано Д.С. Ермолиным и И.К. Учителем, публикуемый фрагмент расшифрован М.С. Морозовой. Все тексты приведены в фонетико-фонологической транскрипции с использованием знаков Международного фонетического алфавита (МФА). Основные сюжеты нарративов, приведенных в приложениях: свадебная обрядность (кумовство, функции кумы и кума на свадьбе), курбáн в с. Жовтневом / Каракурте (заклание ягненка, приготовление блюда, трапеза), традиционная кухня (ягнú, бáбо, пэ́тэ, выпечка), народная медицина (испуг), размышления о сельской жизни и факты биографии информантов. Здесь же публикуются тексты двух народных песен, которые были исполнены Е.И. Дзынговой (1922 г.р.) из с. Девнинского.
Публикация включает тексты и фрагменты интервью на говоре албанцев Украины, записанные в ходе экспедиций в село Жовтневое / Каракурт (2011-2013) и села Георгиевку, Девнинское и Гаммовку (2005–2010, 2012). Тексты и интервью из с. Жовтневого, Георгиевки и Девнинского, а также интервью с А.Д. Сербиной (1938 г.р.) из с. Гаммовки записала и расшифровала М.С. Морозова. Интервью с З.М. Кайрачкой (1929 г.р.) из с. Гаммовки записано Д.С. Ермолиным и И.К. Учителем, публикуемый фрагмент расшифрован М.С. Морозовой. Все тексты приведены в фонетико-фонологической транскрипции с использованием знаков Международного фонетического алфавита (МФА). Основные сюжеты нарративов, приведенных в приложениях: свадебная обрядность (кумовство, функции кумы и кума на свадьбе), курбáн в с. Жовтневом / Каракурте (заклание ягненка, приготовление блюда, трапеза), традиционная кухня (ягнú, бáбо, пэ́тэ, выпечка), народная медицина (испуг), размышления о сельской жизни и факты биографии информантов. Здесь же публикуются тексты двух народных песен, которые были исполнены Е.И. Дзынговой (1922 г.р.) из с. Девнинского.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
This section reviews the history of almost a century’s research on the language and culture of Albanians in Ukraine starting with academician Nikolay Derzhavin’s pioneering studies (in the 1910s-40s) and proceeding all the way to the most... more
This section reviews the history of almost a century’s research on the language and culture of Albanians in Ukraine starting with academician Nikolay Derzhavin’s pioneering studies (in the 1910s-40s) and proceeding all the way to the most recent ethnographic and linguistic research based on the materials collected during numerous multipurpose fieldwork trips to the Albanian villages in Ukraine undertaken by the authors of this volume. Whenever possible, the main milestones of the history of research and the names of those researchers who devoted their attention to study the Albanian ethnic community in the Soviet and post-Soviet periods are given in chronological order: the contributions of Yulia V. Ivanova, Nadezhda V. Kotova, Oleg S. Shirokov and Lyudmila Ya. Demko; fieldwork and publications of the Leningrad / Saint Petersburg school of Albanian studies (Agnia V. Desnitskaya, Gertruda I. Eintrei, Irina I. Voronina, Aleksey P. Sytov, Lubov V. Sharapova, Alvina V. Zhugra, Marina V. Domosiletskaya, Aleksander Yu. Rusakov, and others). Currently, apart from regular fieldwork trips to the Albanian villages and numerous publications concerning traditional culture, dialect, and identity issues of the Albanians in Ukraine, of particular importance are the joint projects of Russian and foreign scholars, museum and archival activities in MAE RAS, as well as the initiatives of native intelligentsia in studying their own language and culture on the local level. Th e list of references for this section could be regarded as a relatively full overview of ethnographic and linguistic research on Albanians in Ukraine both in Russia and abroad (see also “The List of authors’ publications on the Albanians in Ukraine”).
В разделе Д.С. Ермолина и М.С. Морозовой содержится краткий обзор более чем столетней истории изучения языка и культуры албанцев Украины — начиная с пионерских работ академика Н.С. Державина, первое знакомство которого с албанцами состоялось в 1910 г. во время поездки в Буджак, и заканчивая новейшим этапом этнографических и лингвистических исследований на базе материалов комплексных экспедиций в албаноязычные села Украины, проходивших при участии авторов настоящей коллективной монографии. По возможности в хронологическом порядке в разделе представлены основные вехи и имена исследователей, которые занимались изучением данной этнолокальной группы в советский и постсоветский периоды: вклад Ю.В. Ивановой, Н.В. Котовой, О.С. Широкова и Л.Я. Демко; экспедиционная и публикационная деятельность представителей ленинградской / петербургской школы албанистики (А.В. Десницкая, Г.И. Эйнтрей, И.И. Воронина, А.П. Сытов, Л.В. Шарапова, А.В. Жугра, М.В. Домосилецкая, А.Ю. Русаков и др.). На современном этапе наряду с регулярными экспедициями в албанские села и публикацией значительного числа работ по традиционной культуре, говору, вопросам идентичности и сохранения языка большое значение приобретают проекты международного сотрудничества российских и зарубежных ученых, музейно-архивная деятельность сотрудников МАЭ РАН, а также изучение своего языка и культуры на местном уровне (деятельность краеведов, школьных учителей). Относительно полным отражением достижений отечественной и зарубежной науки в области этнографического и лингвистического исследования албанцев Украины является библиография раздела (см. также «Список публикаций авторского коллектива по албанцам Украины»).
В разделе Д.С. Ермолина и М.С. Морозовой содержится краткий обзор более чем столетней истории изучения языка и культуры албанцев Украины — начиная с пионерских работ академика Н.С. Державина, первое знакомство которого с албанцами состоялось в 1910 г. во время поездки в Буджак, и заканчивая новейшим этапом этнографических и лингвистических исследований на базе материалов комплексных экспедиций в албаноязычные села Украины, проходивших при участии авторов настоящей коллективной монографии. По возможности в хронологическом порядке в разделе представлены основные вехи и имена исследователей, которые занимались изучением данной этнолокальной группы в советский и постсоветский периоды: вклад Ю.В. Ивановой, Н.В. Котовой, О.С. Широкова и Л.Я. Демко; экспедиционная и публикационная деятельность представителей ленинградской / петербургской школы албанистики (А.В. Десницкая, Г.И. Эйнтрей, И.И. Воронина, А.П. Сытов, Л.В. Шарапова, А.В. Жугра, М.В. Домосилецкая, А.Ю. Русаков и др.). На современном этапе наряду с регулярными экспедициями в албанские села и публикацией значительного числа работ по традиционной культуре, говору, вопросам идентичности и сохранения языка большое значение приобретают проекты международного сотрудничества российских и зарубежных ученых, музейно-архивная деятельность сотрудников МАЭ РАН, а также изучение своего языка и культуры на местном уровне (деятельность краеведов, школьных учителей). Относительно полным отражением достижений отечественной и зарубежной науки в области этнографического и лингвистического исследования албанцев Украины является библиография раздела (см. также «Список публикаций авторского коллектива по албанцам Украины»).
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The first part of this section gives the history of resettlement of the ancestors of today’s Albanians living in Ukraine from the southeast of Albanian lands to northeastern Bulgaria, and then to the Russian Empire — first, to the steppes... more
The first part of this section gives the history of resettlement of the ancestors of today’s Albanians living in Ukraine from the southeast of Albanian lands to northeastern Bulgaria, and then to the Russian Empire — first, to the steppes of Budjak and later on to the region of the Azov sea. The authors' aim is to summarize and consistently describe the available material on this issue found in the documents of the 19th century (statistics collected by P. Köppen, A. Klaus, A. Skalkowski, et al.), early works on “Arnaut resettlement” authored by K. Jireček, L. Miletich, V. Marinov, D. Yaranov, and archival data and studies published by N. Derzhavin, as well as researchers from Leningrad / Saint Petersburg (A. Desnitskaya, L. Sharapova, A. Zhugra) and Odessa (Andrey V. Shabashov). The second part of the section is devoted to historical myths within the Albanian community in Ukraine, i.e. legends, local stories and narratives about their own history that have been transmitted within the community until now. Here we become acquainted with the thoughts and beliefs of Albanians living in Ukraine about their historical homeland, resettlement from the Balkans to the Russian Empire, and the foundation of the village of Karakurt, which was followed by a new resettlement of part of the population eastwards and the foundation of the three new villages. The material for the analysis was recorded in the Albanian villages during our fieldwork trips in 1998–2013.
В первой части раздела М.С. Морозовой и А.А. Новика описывается история переселения предков нынешних албанцев Украины с юго-востока современной Албании в Северо-Восточную Болгарию, а оттуда — в Российскую империю, в буджакские и затем в приазовские степи. Авторы ставят перед собой цель обобщить, последовательно изложить и упорядочить имеющийся к настоящему времени материал по этой теме, почерпнутый из документов XIX в. (статистические исследования П. Кеппена, А. Клауса, А.А. Скальковского и др.), ранних работ болгарских исследователей «арнаутского переселения» (К. Иречек, Л. Милетич, В. Маринов, Д. Яранов), архивов и научных статей Н.С. Державина, а также публикаций ленинград-ских / петербургских албанистов (А.В. Десницкая, Л.В. Шарапова, А.В. Жугра) и современных украинских этнологов-специалистов по Буджаку (А.В. Шабашов). Вторая часть раздела посвящена исключительно важной теме исторической мифологии албанцев Украины, то есть преданиям, легендам и меморатам, связанным с историей данной этнолокальной группы, которые до настоящего времени сохраняются в народной среде. Здесь нашли отражение представления современных жителей албанских сел о своей исторической прародине, переселении с Балкан в Российскую империю, основании с. Каракурта, уходе части населения из Буджака в Приазовье и основании трех новых поселений. Приводимые и анализируемые сведения были получены от информантов в селах Каракурте, Георгиевке, Девнинском и Гаммовке в ходе экспедиций 1998–2013 гг.
В первой части раздела М.С. Морозовой и А.А. Новика описывается история переселения предков нынешних албанцев Украины с юго-востока современной Албании в Северо-Восточную Болгарию, а оттуда — в Российскую империю, в буджакские и затем в приазовские степи. Авторы ставят перед собой цель обобщить, последовательно изложить и упорядочить имеющийся к настоящему времени материал по этой теме, почерпнутый из документов XIX в. (статистические исследования П. Кеппена, А. Клауса, А.А. Скальковского и др.), ранних работ болгарских исследователей «арнаутского переселения» (К. Иречек, Л. Милетич, В. Маринов, Д. Яранов), архивов и научных статей Н.С. Державина, а также публикаций ленинград-ских / петербургских албанистов (А.В. Десницкая, Л.В. Шарапова, А.В. Жугра) и современных украинских этнологов-специалистов по Буджаку (А.В. Шабашов). Вторая часть раздела посвящена исключительно важной теме исторической мифологии албанцев Украины, то есть преданиям, легендам и меморатам, связанным с историей данной этнолокальной группы, которые до настоящего времени сохраняются в народной среде. Здесь нашли отражение представления современных жителей албанских сел о своей исторической прародине, переселении с Балкан в Российскую империю, основании с. Каракурта, уходе части населения из Буджака в Приазовье и основании трех новых поселений. Приводимые и анализируемые сведения были получены от информантов в селах Каракурте, Георгиевке, Девнинском и Гаммовке в ходе экспедиций 1998–2013 гг.
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This section devoted to the language of Albanians in Ukraine is a short grammar overview of this dialect in its current condition. The study is based on the materials collected by the author during her fieldwork in the Albanian speaking... more
This section devoted to the language of Albanians in Ukraine is a short grammar overview of this dialect in its current condition. The study is based on the materials collected by the author during her fieldwork in the Albanian speaking villages in Budjak (2011–2013) and Priazovye (2005–2010, 2012). Some peculiarities of nominal and verbal morphology are compared to other dialects of Albanian and described as either archaic or innovative. The comparative analysis with standard Albanian, dialects of the “parental” Northern Tosk area and with related Tosk dialects in Southern Italy, Greece and Bulgaria, is done by using dialectological descriptions, standard grammars, and the Dialectological Atlas of the Albanian language (Alb. Atlasi dialektologjik i gjuhës shqipe). The appearance of innovations in morphology and syntax has been analyzed using the material collected by academician Nikolay S. Derzhavin in Priazovye in the 1920s (both archival and published), articles written by Selim Islami (Priazovye, fieldwork in 1949), Nadezhda V. Kotova (Budjak and Priazovye, 1950–1954) and Lyudmila Ya. Demko (Zhovtnevoe, the 1960s), publications of Leningrad linguists written aft er their fieldwork in Budjak and Priazovye in the 1960s and 70s, and finally the most recent work based on the expeditions of our research team (1998–2013). The text is supplied with examples of the dialect recorded in the Albanian villages of Ukraine. The appendix to this section contains grammatical tables with the main declensional and conjugational types as they appear in the dialect (see also the Appendix “Dialectal texts in Albanian”).
Глава М.С. Морозовой, посвященная говору албанцев Украины, представляет собой краткий очерк грамматики говора в его современном состоянии и основывается на материалах, собранных автором в ходе экспедиций в албаноязычные села Буджака (2011–2013 гг.) и Приазовья (2005–2010, 2012 гг.). Некоторые особенности именной и глагольной морфологии и синтаксиса говора албанцев Украины в данном очерке описываются как архаичные или инновационные по сравнению с другими албанскими говорами. Сопоставление с литературным албанским языком, говорами «материнского» севернотоскского диалектного ареала и с идиомами, которые представляют собой филиации тоскских говоров на территориях Южной Италии, Греции и Болгарии, выполнено с использованием диалектных описаний, стандартных албанских грамматик и Диалектологического атласа албанского языка (алб. Atlasi dialektologjik i gjuhës shqipe). Возникновение морфологических и синтаксических инноваций в исследуемом говоре анализируется с привлечением архивных материалов и публикаций Н.С. Державина (полевой материал, собранный им в 1920-е годы в Приазовье), статей и материалов С. Ислями (Приазовье, экспедиция 1949 г.), Н.В. Котовой (Буджак и Приазовье, 1950–1954 гг.) и Л.Я. Демко (с. Жовтневое, 1960-е го ды), публикаций ленинградских / петербургских лингвистов по результатам экспедиционных поездок 1960-1970-х годов в с. Жовтневое и албанские села Приазовья, а также новейших работ, базирующихся на материалах экспедиций 1998–2013 гг. Изложение материала сопровождается примерами на идиомах с. Каракурта / Жовтневого и сел Приазовья. В приложении к очерку приводятся грамматические таблицы с основными типами склонения и спряжения в говоре албанцев Украины (см. также приложение к книге «Тексты на албанском говоре»).
Глава М.С. Морозовой, посвященная говору албанцев Украины, представляет собой краткий очерк грамматики говора в его современном состоянии и основывается на материалах, собранных автором в ходе экспедиций в албаноязычные села Буджака (2011–2013 гг.) и Приазовья (2005–2010, 2012 гг.). Некоторые особенности именной и глагольной морфологии и синтаксиса говора албанцев Украины в данном очерке описываются как архаичные или инновационные по сравнению с другими албанскими говорами. Сопоставление с литературным албанским языком, говорами «материнского» севернотоскского диалектного ареала и с идиомами, которые представляют собой филиации тоскских говоров на территориях Южной Италии, Греции и Болгарии, выполнено с использованием диалектных описаний, стандартных албанских грамматик и Диалектологического атласа албанского языка (алб. Atlasi dialektologjik i gjuhës shqipe). Возникновение морфологических и синтаксических инноваций в исследуемом говоре анализируется с привлечением архивных материалов и публикаций Н.С. Державина (полевой материал, собранный им в 1920-е годы в Приазовье), статей и материалов С. Ислями (Приазовье, экспедиция 1949 г.), Н.В. Котовой (Буджак и Приазовье, 1950–1954 гг.) и Л.Я. Демко (с. Жовтневое, 1960-е го ды), публикаций ленинградских / петербургских лингвистов по результатам экспедиционных поездок 1960-1970-х годов в с. Жовтневое и албанские села Приазовья, а также новейших работ, базирующихся на материалах экспедиций 1998–2013 гг. Изложение материала сопровождается примерами на идиомах с. Каракурта / Жовтневого и сел Приазовья. В приложении к очерку приводятся грамматические таблицы с основными типами склонения и спряжения в говоре албанцев Украины (см. также приложение к книге «Тексты на албанском говоре»).
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Në kohët tona puna e suksesshme gjuhësore varet shumë nga mundësia e shfrytëzimit të korpuseve elektronike, të përmbledhjeve reprezentative të teksteve elektronike të pajisura me informatën e caktuar linguistike dhe metatekstuale... more
Në kohët tona puna e suksesshme gjuhësore varet shumë nga mundësia e shfrytëzimit të korpuseve elektronike, të përmbledhjeve reprezentative të teksteve elektronike të pajisura me informatën e caktuar linguistike dhe metatekstuale (bibliografike). Tani korpuset të tilla ekzistojnë për disa gjuhë evropiane. Për fat të keq, ne s'kemi korpusin të tillë për gjuhën shqipe – një gjuhë evropiane që flitet nga 8 miliona njerëzish dhe përfaqëson një grup me vete i gjuhëve indoevropiane. Ndërkaq korpus gjuhësor, i balancuar dhe i pajisur me shënime është një mjet i fuqishëm, i pazëvendësueshëm në studimet gjuhësore moderne. Nga njëra anë, korpusi na lejon ta mbledhim gjatë disa sekondash një material gjuhësor (që karakterizon përdorimin në tekstet të ndonjë fjale, fjalëforme, lokucioni ose forme gramatikore), që do të mblidhej në mënyrë "punëdore" ndoshta gjatë disa muajsh. Nga ana tjetër, mundësia të krahasimit të sasive të mëdha të teksteve që u përkasin llojeve të ndryshme të
diskursit (të shkruar dhe gojor), shtresave të ndryshme kronologjike, varianteve dialektore na jep mundësi të formulojmë probleme të reja shkencore. Siç duket, krijimi i korpusit elektronik të gjuhës shqipe është puna është një qëllim i domosdoshëm dhe aktual.
Në këtë vit në bashkëpunimin e ngushtë midis albanologëve të Sankt Peterburgut dhe gjuhëtareve nga Moska që merren shumë vjet me përpunimin e korpuseve të gjuhëve të ndryshme (mund t’i përmendim korpuset e gjuhëve ruse dhe armene) filloi puna paraprake për krijimin e korpusit të gjuhës shqipe. Ne etapën e parë ne merremi me përpunimin e sistemit të shënimeve gramatikore, të hartimit të fjalorit gramatikor dhe me përpunimin e programit të analizës morfologjike.
Në kumtesën do të jenë paraqitur disa nga rezultatet paraprake që janë arritur gjatë etapës se parë të punës në kuadrin e projektit.
diskursit (të shkruar dhe gojor), shtresave të ndryshme kronologjike, varianteve dialektore na jep mundësi të formulojmë probleme të reja shkencore. Siç duket, krijimi i korpusit elektronik të gjuhës shqipe është puna është një qëllim i domosdoshëm dhe aktual.
Në këtë vit në bashkëpunimin e ngushtë midis albanologëve të Sankt Peterburgut dhe gjuhëtareve nga Moska që merren shumë vjet me përpunimin e korpuseve të gjuhëve të ndryshme (mund t’i përmendim korpuset e gjuhëve ruse dhe armene) filloi puna paraprake për krijimin e korpusit të gjuhës shqipe. Ne etapën e parë ne merremi me përpunimin e sistemit të shënimeve gramatikore, të hartimit të fjalorit gramatikor dhe me përpunimin e programit të analizës morfologjike.
Në kumtesën do të jenë paraqitur disa nga rezultatet paraprake që janë arritur gjatë etapës se parë të punës në kuadrin e projektit.
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The article discusses a series of theoretical and practical issues and problems associated with the Albanian National Corpus that has been developed since 2011. The project aims at the creation of a comprehensive and representative corpus... more
The article discusses a series of theoretical and practical issues and problems associated with the Albanian National Corpus that has been developed since 2011. The project aims at the creation of a comprehensive and representative corpus containing written texts of various styles, genres and periods, colloquial speech samples, as well as texts in Albanian dialects. To this end, the article pays attention to the issue of the main corpus composition (chronologically arranged subcorpora of written texts) and the ways of future representation
of dialectal texts registered at different times and using different systems of graphics. The issue of the dialect speech variety is also discussed, along with the related problems of lemmatization of dialectal word forms and their search by standard and / or dialectal lemma. The section about the results of work provides information on the current version of metatext and lexical and morphological markup of the Albanian corpus, the morphological standard tailored for the
Albanian corpus and based on the existing Albanian grammars, and on the basic principle of text annotation by the morphological parsing program UniParser.
A tag list of the current version of the Albanian corpus is provided. Finally the section briefly revises the issue of grammatical disambiguation to be handled by the Albanian corpus developers in the near future. The final section of the article addresses some of the problems related to the interpretation of the Albanian noun and verb morphology in the morphological model developed for the Albanian National Corpus. In particular, the article describes the approach
which was used to define the case inventory for the Corpus. It is a combination of “traditional” Albanian grammar principles (case terminology and inventory common for Albanian linguistics) with additional parameters introduced by the Albanian corpus developers in order to explicitly represent and easily search those language features that lack a detailed interpretation in the “classical” grammar, such as Ablative II and Unmarked Case.
of dialectal texts registered at different times and using different systems of graphics. The issue of the dialect speech variety is also discussed, along with the related problems of lemmatization of dialectal word forms and their search by standard and / or dialectal lemma. The section about the results of work provides information on the current version of metatext and lexical and morphological markup of the Albanian corpus, the morphological standard tailored for the
Albanian corpus and based on the existing Albanian grammars, and on the basic principle of text annotation by the morphological parsing program UniParser.
A tag list of the current version of the Albanian corpus is provided. Finally the section briefly revises the issue of grammatical disambiguation to be handled by the Albanian corpus developers in the near future. The final section of the article addresses some of the problems related to the interpretation of the Albanian noun and verb morphology in the morphological model developed for the Albanian National Corpus. In particular, the article describes the approach
which was used to define the case inventory for the Corpus. It is a combination of “traditional” Albanian grammar principles (case terminology and inventory common for Albanian linguistics) with additional parameters introduced by the Albanian corpus developers in order to explicitly represent and easily search those language features that lack a detailed interpretation in the “classical” grammar, such as Ablative II and Unmarked Case.
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The paper presents some results of the field study of the language situation in a multiethnic village of Zhovtneve / Zhovtnevoye (Bolgrad district, Odessa region, Ukraine), conducted between the years 2011–2013. The village is home to... more
The paper presents some results of the field study of the language situation in a multiethnic village of Zhovtneve / Zhovtnevoye (Bolgrad district, Odessa region, Ukraine), conducted between the years 2011–2013. The village is home to several ethnic groups, though predominated by Albanians, Gagauzians and Bulgarians. Special attention is paid to issues of preservation and functioning of the Albanian subdialect of Zhovtnevoye that coexists with languages of other ethnic groups living in the village, and is heavily influenced by dominating languages of “high social prestige” (mainly Russian). The article briefly describes the linguistic competences of speakers of different ages, as they pertain to different generations. Long-term contacts of the Albanian subdialect speakers with the other ethnic groups are reflected in its lexicon being abundant in borrowed words of different origin (Albanian borrowings from Latin, Greek, Slavic languages and Turkish; words borrowed from Bulgarian, Gagauz and Russian), time of occurrence in the subdialect (early and late) and semantic field. Most of the words are of Turkish and Greek origin (typical for all Albanian dialects) and the majority of borrowings from Russian adopted by the Albanian subdialect of Zhovtnevoye falls into the category of cultural borrowings, or words for objects
and concepts new to the culture. As for the numerous words from Bulgarian and Gagauz integrated into the Albanian subdialect, they may pertain either to cultural or core borrowings and have appeared in its lexicon as a result of multilingualism and Albanian-Gagauz-Bulgarian contact which remains typical of the village of Zhovtnevoye even today.
and concepts new to the culture. As for the numerous words from Bulgarian and Gagauz integrated into the Albanian subdialect, they may pertain either to cultural or core borrowings and have appeared in its lexicon as a result of multilingualism and Albanian-Gagauz-Bulgarian contact which remains typical of the village of Zhovtnevoye even today.
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The article discusses genesis and functioning of the Albanian idiom in the multilingual microregion of Gorana (Montenegrin Littoral), which is of great interest from the perspective of the study of Slavic-Albanian linguistic and cultural... more
The article discusses genesis and functioning of the Albanian idiom in the multilingual microregion of Gorana (Montenegrin Littoral), which is of great interest from the perspective of the study of Slavic-Albanian linguistic and cultural interaction in the Western Balkans.
The introductory part contains anthropogeographic and sociolingistic information about the BCMS-speaking community of Mrkovići and Gorana, and a brief description of the northwestern Gheg subdialect of the Albanian language. Further paragraphs investigate the case of the village Velja Gorana, concentrating on the Albanian speech of the local bilinguals and the speech of Albanian women who came to the Velja Gorana community from different border areas of Albania, Montenegrin
Littoral and Krajina. In order to study the dialect differentiation and degree of accommodation between dialects (a) in the speech of Albanian women and (b) in the speech of the local bilinguals,
as well as to find contact-induced features in phonetics and phonology, we analyse authentic dialect material using comparative and descriptive methods common for comparative linguistics, dialectology,
and the Balkan studies.
Based on the results of the analysis, the Albanian speech of Gorana is described as a heterogeneous idiom, where dialect differentiation remains intact without a degree of mixing or accommodation, and
the intensity of contact-induced language change varies at the level of individual speakers.
The introductory part contains anthropogeographic and sociolingistic information about the BCMS-speaking community of Mrkovići and Gorana, and a brief description of the northwestern Gheg subdialect of the Albanian language. Further paragraphs investigate the case of the village Velja Gorana, concentrating on the Albanian speech of the local bilinguals and the speech of Albanian women who came to the Velja Gorana community from different border areas of Albania, Montenegrin
Littoral and Krajina. In order to study the dialect differentiation and degree of accommodation between dialects (a) in the speech of Albanian women and (b) in the speech of the local bilinguals,
as well as to find contact-induced features in phonetics and phonology, we analyse authentic dialect material using comparative and descriptive methods common for comparative linguistics, dialectology,
and the Balkan studies.
Based on the results of the analysis, the Albanian speech of Gorana is described as a heterogeneous idiom, where dialect differentiation remains intact without a degree of mixing or accommodation, and
the intensity of contact-induced language change varies at the level of individual speakers.
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A sketch of the Loko language (South-Western Mande group) written according to a typological template of the template of the series "Languages of the World" (Moscow).
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The article discusses a series of theoretical and practical issues and problems associated with the Albanian National Corpus being developed since 2011. The project aims at the creation of a comprehensive and representative corpus... more
The article discusses a series of theoretical and practical issues and problems associated with the Albanian National Corpus being developed since 2011. The project aims at the creation of a comprehensive and representative corpus containing written texts of various styles, genres and periods, colloquial speech samples, as well as texts in Albanian dialects. In this connection, the article pays attention to the issue of the main corpus composition (chronologically ranged subcorpora of written texts). The issue of the dialect speech variety is also discussed, along with the related problems of lemmatization of dialectal word forms and their search by standard and/or dialectal lemma.
The section about the results of work provides information on the current version of metatext and lexical and morphological markup of the Albanian corpus, the morphological standard tailored for the Albanian corpus and based on the existing Albanian grammars, and on the basic principle of text annotation by the morphological parsing program UniParser.
The final section of the article addresses some of the problems related to the interpretation of the Albanian noun and verb morphology in the morphological model developed for the Albanian National Corpus. In particular, the article describes the approach which was used to define the case inventory for the Corpus. It is a combination of “traditional” Albanian grammar principles (case terminology and inventory common for Albanian linguistics) with additional parameters introduced by the Albanian corpus developers in order to explicitly represent and easily search those language features that lack a detailed interpretation in the “classical” grammar, such as Ablative II and Unmarked Case.
The section about the results of work provides information on the current version of metatext and lexical and morphological markup of the Albanian corpus, the morphological standard tailored for the Albanian corpus and based on the existing Albanian grammars, and on the basic principle of text annotation by the morphological parsing program UniParser.
The final section of the article addresses some of the problems related to the interpretation of the Albanian noun and verb morphology in the morphological model developed for the Albanian National Corpus. In particular, the article describes the approach which was used to define the case inventory for the Corpus. It is a combination of “traditional” Albanian grammar principles (case terminology and inventory common for Albanian linguistics) with additional parameters introduced by the Albanian corpus developers in order to explicitly represent and easily search those language features that lack a detailed interpretation in the “classical” grammar, such as Ablative II and Unmarked Case.
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В августе–сентябре 2011 г. учреждениями Российской академии наук — Музеем антропологии и этнографии им. Петра Великого (Кунсткамера) и Институтом лингвистических исследований — была совершена комплексная этнографическая и лингвистическая... more
В августе–сентябре 2011 г. учреждениями Российской академии наук — Музеем антропологии и этнографии им. Петра Великого (Кунсткамера) и Институтом лингвистических исследований — была совершена комплексная этнографическая и лингвистическая экспедиция в историко-культурный регион Гора, расположенный на территории Албании, Косово и Македонии и населенный славянами и албанцами.
Материалы, представленные в данной статье, являются результатом полевых наблюдений авторов по темам, охватывающим некоторые аспекты традиционной культуры горанов: семейные отношения и терминология родства, дети в культуре горанов и родинная обрядность, представления горанов о смерти и особенности похоронных практик.
Материалы, представленные в данной статье, являются результатом полевых наблюдений авторов по темам, охватывающим некоторые аспекты традиционной культуры горанов: семейные отношения и терминология родства, дети в культуре горанов и родинная обрядность, представления горанов о смерти и особенности похоронных практик.
Research Interests:
Italo-Albanian (Arbëresh) writing tradition dates back to the late 16th century, when the first Italo-Albanian written text and the second Albanian printed book E mbsuame e krështerë (Christian Doctrine) by Luca Matranga (Lekë Matrënga,... more
Italo-Albanian (Arbëresh) writing tradition dates back to the late 16th century, when the first Italo-Albanian written text and the second Albanian printed book E mbsuame e krështerë (Christian Doctrine) by Luca Matranga (Lekë Matrënga, an Arbëresh from Hora e Arbëreshëvet / Piana degli Albanesi, Sicily), a translation from Italian of the catechism of the Spanish Jesuit priest Jacob Ledesma, was published in 1592 in Rome. This first work of the Italo-Albanian literature actually had a purely pragmatic aim of bringing the Catholicism closer to the Arbëresh people, while the subsequent important Italo-Albanian texts belonging to the 18th — the beginning of the 20th centuries include true literary works created by genuine poets and remaining unique in early Albanian literature.
In this article we present some remarks on the project of Italo-Albanian Literary Corpus. It is supposed to be created as an integrative part of the Albanian National Corpus (Албанский национальный корпус / Korpusi nacional i gjuhës shqipe) and is able to become a powerful means of multifaceted studies of the texts created by the most prominent Arbëresh authors during the period of blossoming of the early Italo-Albanian literature.
In this article we present some remarks on the project of Italo-Albanian Literary Corpus. It is supposed to be created as an integrative part of the Albanian National Corpus (Албанский национальный корпус / Korpusi nacional i gjuhës shqipe) and is able to become a powerful means of multifaceted studies of the texts created by the most prominent Arbëresh authors during the period of blossoming of the early Italo-Albanian literature.
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Si shembull i përdorimit të Korpusit të shqipes në artikullin jepen rezultatet paraprake e një studimi të bazuar në tekstet e Korpusit (angl. case study). Në studimin tonë përqendruam vëmendjen mbi funksionimin e formit të perfektit... more
Si shembull i përdorimit të Korpusit të shqipes në artikullin jepen rezultatet paraprake e një studimi të bazuar në tekstet e Korpusit (angl. case study). Në studimin tonë përqendruam vëmendjen mbi funksionimin e formit të perfektit (kohës
së kryer) në krahasim me atë të aoristit ((së kryerës së thjeshtë) në tekste të shkruara në shqipen që i kemi në disponim në korpus. Studimi i tillë mund të konsiderohet kryesisht
si përpjekja për të bërë një “portret” të një kategorie gramatikore duke shfrytëzuar mjetet e korpusit elektronik. Qëllimi tjetër i studimit ishte për të provuar mundësitë e korpusit të shqipes në etapën e tanishme të ekzistencës së tij.
së kryer) në krahasim me atë të aoristit ((së kryerës së thjeshtë) në tekste të shkruara në shqipen që i kemi në disponim në korpus. Studimi i tillë mund të konsiderohet kryesisht
si përpjekja për të bërë një “portret” të një kategorie gramatikore duke shfrytëzuar mjetet e korpusit elektronik. Qëllimi tjetër i studimit ishte për të provuar mundësitë e korpusit të shqipes në etapën e tanishme të ekzistencës së tij.
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Përpunimi i korpuseve gjuhësore merr një rëndësi të veçantë në kuadrin e gjuhësisë kompjuterike dhe të studimeve gjuhësore në përgjithësi. Gjuha shqipe, një gjuhë indoevropiane që flitet nga më shumë se 8 milionë folës amtarë në mbarë... more
Përpunimi i korpuseve gjuhësore merr një rëndësi të veçantë në kuadrin e gjuhësisë kompjuterike dhe të studimeve gjuhësore në përgjithësi. Gjuha shqipe, një gjuhë indoevropiane që flitet nga më shumë se 8 milionë folës amtarë në mbarë botën, më përpara nuk kishte Korpusin e vet të annotuar. Në fund të vitit 2011 Korpusin e tillë e filluan të krijonin specialistët nga Sankt-Peterburgu dhe Moska. Artikulli tregon për krijimin e Korpusit të shqipes, që ndahet në disa etapa kryesore. Në etapën e parë grumbullohet dhe përshkruhet baza tekstuale, d.m.th. tekstet në formë elektronike ku dokumentohet gjuha në shqyrtim. Në etapën e dytë tekste të grumbulluara pajisen me informacionin gjuhësor. Për këtë duhet puna paraprake që lidhet me krijimin e sistemit të annotimit dhe me përpunimin e fjalorit gramatikor, që përdoret pastaj brenda programit të analizës automatike morfologjike, ose parser-it. Etapa e tretë përfshin krijimin ose adaptimin e platformës kërkimi dhe vendosjen e korpusit gjuhësor në Internet.
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Говор албанцев Украины представляет собой хороший пример островного говора албанского языка, на протяжении нескольких столетий существующего в отрыве от основного албаноязычного ареала. В настоящей статье некоторые фонетико-фонологические... more
Говор албанцев Украины представляет собой хороший пример островного говора албанского языка, на протяжении нескольких столетий существующего в отрыве от основного албаноязычного ареала. В настоящей статье некоторые фонетико-фонологические и морфологические особенности говора албанцев Украины интерпретируются с позиций истории албанского языка и с точки зрения современной диалектной ситуации, восстанавливаемой по данным Диалектологического атласа албанского языка (ДААЯ) и диалектологических описаний. Система говора рассматривается в ее историческом развитии; для этого проводится анализ языкового материала, отражающего разные хронологические срезы, начиная с 10–20-х гг. ХХ века и вплоть до настоящего времени. Как показано в статье, и инновации, и реликтовые черты говора отличаются разноплановостью и хронологической неоднородностью. Учет этих факторов при описании данной диалектной системы позволит создать полное представление об ее эволюции в иноязычном окружении и вычленить те явления, которые релевантны для изучения характера и хронологии диалектных различий в албанском языке.
The Albanian dialect of Ukraine is a good example of an Albanian dialect existing in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several centuries. The present article highlights several specific phonetical, phonological and morphological features of the Albanian dialect of Ukraine, analyzing them from the point of view of the Albanian language history, as well as from the perspective of the current dialect situation in the Albanian speaking areas. The data about the latter are retrieved mainly from the Dialectological Atlas of the Albanian Language and the descriptions of Albanian dialects. While investigating the evolution of and current trends in the dialectal system under description, we analyze materials in the dialect dated back to the period starting from the beginning of the 20th century till the present time. As shown in the article, both innovations and archaisms in the Albanian dialects of Ukraine relate to different levels of language system, are of various origin and background, and differ chronologically. Consideration of these key factors while describing the given dialectal system is a way to develop a full picture of its evolution in contact and defi ne features relevant for further study of the nature and history of the Albanian dialectal differences in general.
The Albanian dialect of Ukraine is a good example of an Albanian dialect existing in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several centuries. The present article highlights several specific phonetical, phonological and morphological features of the Albanian dialect of Ukraine, analyzing them from the point of view of the Albanian language history, as well as from the perspective of the current dialect situation in the Albanian speaking areas. The data about the latter are retrieved mainly from the Dialectological Atlas of the Albanian Language and the descriptions of Albanian dialects. While investigating the evolution of and current trends in the dialectal system under description, we analyze materials in the dialect dated back to the period starting from the beginning of the 20th century till the present time. As shown in the article, both innovations and archaisms in the Albanian dialects of Ukraine relate to different levels of language system, are of various origin and background, and differ chronologically. Consideration of these key factors while describing the given dialectal system is a way to develop a full picture of its evolution in contact and defi ne features relevant for further study of the nature and history of the Albanian dialectal differences in general.
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This paper briefly describes the major stages of development that secondary Albanian diphthongs ua / ue, ye, ie go through, with reference to the old Albanian texts and present-day dialects. Special emphasis is given to the isolated Tosk... more
This paper briefly describes the major stages of development that secondary Albanian diphthongs ua / ue, ye, ie go through, with reference to the old Albanian texts and present-day dialects. Special emphasis is given to the isolated Tosk subdialects of Bulgaria (village of Mandritsa) and the Ukraine where diphthongs follow very specific innovative ways of development, such as “Gheg” monophthongization in the subdialect of Ukraine and a variety of coexisting diphthong reflexes in Mandritsa.
As pointed out in the paper, most part of Tosk and Gheg subdialects tend to lose “true” diphthongs and develop a fixed stress falling either on the first or the second element of diphthong. This kind of change in Gheg subdialects seems to be a precondition for further conversion of diphthongs to monophthongs. A similar stress fixation on the first or second element of diphthong occurring in Tosk subdialects gives rise to the present-day local distinctions within the Tosk dialect area. The said feature of Tosk Albanian is said to be relatively late. However, data from various isolated and peripheral subdialects of Albanian, such as those of Chamuria, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, and Ukraine, may well provide some grounds to consider this an archaism rather than a recent innovation.
As pointed out in the paper, most part of Tosk and Gheg subdialects tend to lose “true” diphthongs and develop a fixed stress falling either on the first or the second element of diphthong. This kind of change in Gheg subdialects seems to be a precondition for further conversion of diphthongs to monophthongs. A similar stress fixation on the first or second element of diphthong occurring in Tosk subdialects gives rise to the present-day local distinctions within the Tosk dialect area. The said feature of Tosk Albanian is said to be relatively late. However, data from various isolated and peripheral subdialects of Albanian, such as those of Chamuria, Italy, Greece, Bulgaria, and Ukraine, may well provide some grounds to consider this an archaism rather than a recent innovation.
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The paper describes one of the most prominent features of the Balkan syntax, object reduplication, represented in the Albanian subdialect of Ukraine. This subdialect has been in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several... more
The paper describes one of the most prominent features of the Balkan syntax, object reduplication, represented in the Albanian subdialect of Ukraine. This subdialect has been in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several centuries. Object reduplication in the Albanian subdialect of Ukraine seems to be less grammaticalized and more dependent on various pragmatic factors compared to the present-day Albanian and its dialects. This feature of the Albanian subdialect of Ukraine resembles the north-eastern Bulgarian dialects that are relatively distant from the central and grammatically the most “balkanized” part of the Balkans.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The Albanian dialect of Ukraine is a good example of an Albanian dialect existing in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several centuries. The present article highlights several specific phonetical, phonological and... more
The Albanian dialect of Ukraine is a good example of an Albanian dialect existing in isolation from the main Albanian speaking area for several centuries. The present article highlights several specific phonetical, phonological and morphological features of the Albanian dialect of Ukraine, analyzing them from the point of view of the Albanian language history, as well as from the perspective of the current dialect situation in the Albanian speaking areas. The data about the latter are retrieved mainly from the Dialectological Atlas of the Albanian Language and the descriptions of Albanian dialects. While investigating the evolution of and current trends in the dialectal system under description, we analyze materials in the dialect dated back to the period starting from the beginning of the 20th century till the present time. As shown in the article, both innovations and archaisms in the Albanian dialects of Ukraine relate to different levels of language system, are of various origin and background, and differ chronologically. Consideration of these key factors while describing the given dialectal system is a way to develop a full picture of its evolution in contact and defi ne features relevant for further study of the nature and history of the Albanian dialectal differences in general.
Research Interests:
The paper highlights several features characteristic for the lexicon of the standalone Albanian Tosk dialect of Ukraine that has been developing in close contact with Slavic and Turkic. Language contacts have influenced the lexicon of the... more
The paper highlights several features characteristic for the lexicon of the standalone Albanian Tosk dialect of Ukraine that has been developing in close contact with Slavic and Turkic. Language contacts have influenced the lexicon of the said dialect aggregating both Albanian inherited lexical items and numerous loanwords of different origin, borrowing time and semantic class attribution.
The present paper describes the lexicon of the said dialect in comparison with the present-day Albanian and its dialects, pointing out lexical items common for all Albanian-speaking areas, as well as those related to the specific Albanian dialects (with the particular attention to the Northeast Tosk) or recently borrowed from Bulgarian, Gagauz and Russian. The paper outlines the areas of spread for some loanwords and traces the ways of borrowing the specific lexical items could take in different periods of the Albanian language history.
The present paper describes the lexicon of the said dialect in comparison with the present-day Albanian and its dialects, pointing out lexical items common for all Albanian-speaking areas, as well as those related to the specific Albanian dialects (with the particular attention to the Northeast Tosk) or recently borrowed from Bulgarian, Gagauz and Russian. The paper outlines the areas of spread for some loanwords and traces the ways of borrowing the specific lexical items could take in different periods of the Albanian language history.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
Comprehensive study of Slavic and Albanian language and cultures in Golo Bordo, Albania.
Research Interests: Dialectology, Slavic Languages, Balkan Studies, Kinship (Anthropology), Islamic Studies, and 29 moreFuneral Practices, Islam, Anthropology of Kinship, Kinship and Relatedness (Anthropology), Kinship, Life Rituals (i.e. birth, marriage, death etc.), Language contact, Pomaks, Balkan and Slavic Languages, Traditional Culture, Bulgarian Language, Traditional Midwifery, Birth Attendants, Maternal Health, Childbirth, Kinship and Family Studies, Albanian language, Languages in Contact, Field Study, Bulgarian dialects, Balkan Sprachbund, Macedonian dialects, Slavic minority in Albania, Funeral Rites, Linguistic variation and change, Phytonymy, South Slavic Languages and Literatures, Macedonian language, Traditional Clothing, Slavic folklore, Albanian Dialectology, and Torbeshi
Коллективная монография посвящена вопросам этнической истории, традиционной культуры и языка албанцев Украины — потомков колонистов, переселившихся с Балканского полуострова на территорию Российской империи в начале XIX столетия.... more
Коллективная монография посвящена вопросам этнической истории, традиционной культуры и языка албанцев Украины — потомков колонистов, переселившихся с Балканского полуострова на территорию Российской империи в начале XIX столетия. Изначально предки нынешних албанцев Буджака и Приазовья проживали в юго-восточных районах нынешней Албании, откуда их вынудили уйти на восток притеснения, чинимые османскими чиновниками. В течение примерно трех столетий албанцы, сохранявшие православие, жили в восточных районах Болгарии, откуда были вынуждены переселиться вследствие русско-турецких войн вместе с частью болгарского и гагаузского населения в единоверную Россию (в нынешние Одесскую и Запорожскую области Украины).
Книга, являясь результатом многолетних полевых исследований, архивных изысканий и обобщения всего массива накопленных научных знаний об албанцах, проживающих на Украине, затрагивает различные аспекты сохранения языка и традиционной культуры, преемственности различных практик и бытования эт-
нических реалий в контексте разноуровневых межэтнических контактов, происходивших в прошлом и продолжающихся в настоящем как на Балканах, так и в Буджаке и Приазовье. Проживание в поли лингвальных, многоэтничных, поликонфессиональных и мультикультурных регионах способствовало сложению особенностей говора, уникальных черт бытовой культуры и способов ведения хозяйства, религиозных практик, праздничной и семейной обрядности, исключительной знаковости традиционного костюма.
«Приазовский отряд» — проект, имеющий более чем полувековую историю, его начало было положено в 1948 г. стараниями известного этнографа Юлии Владимировны Ивановой (1922–2006). Работа авторов коллективной монографии, коллег и единомышленников по духу и научным интересам, позволила на протяжении последних восемнадцати лет собрать и проанализировать значительный материал по истории, этнографии и лингвистике на юге Украины, на территории Крыма и в балканских странах (Албания, Македония, Косово, Черногория, Сербия, Босния и Герцеговина, Болгария, Греция, Турция), а также в арбрешских поселениях Италии, представляющий безусловный интерес для научного сообщества и позволяющий сделать потенциально важный задел для будущих исследований регионов Балкан и Причерноморья.
В том 1 включены разделы, посвященные истории этнолокальной группы албанцев Украины и ее изучения, а также традициям и практикам в культуре и семейной обрядности.
В том 2 включены разделы, посвященные народной медицине как ресурсу жизнеобеспечения, а также традиционной одежде албанцев Буджака и Приазовья. В издании приводятся грамматический очерк говора албанцев Украины, а также диалектные тексты.
Книга, являясь результатом многолетних полевых исследований, архивных изысканий и обобщения всего массива накопленных научных знаний об албанцах, проживающих на Украине, затрагивает различные аспекты сохранения языка и традиционной культуры, преемственности различных практик и бытования эт-
нических реалий в контексте разноуровневых межэтнических контактов, происходивших в прошлом и продолжающихся в настоящем как на Балканах, так и в Буджаке и Приазовье. Проживание в поли лингвальных, многоэтничных, поликонфессиональных и мультикультурных регионах способствовало сложению особенностей говора, уникальных черт бытовой культуры и способов ведения хозяйства, религиозных практик, праздничной и семейной обрядности, исключительной знаковости традиционного костюма.
«Приазовский отряд» — проект, имеющий более чем полувековую историю, его начало было положено в 1948 г. стараниями известного этнографа Юлии Владимировны Ивановой (1922–2006). Работа авторов коллективной монографии, коллег и единомышленников по духу и научным интересам, позволила на протяжении последних восемнадцати лет собрать и проанализировать значительный материал по истории, этнографии и лингвистике на юге Украины, на территории Крыма и в балканских странах (Албания, Македония, Косово, Черногория, Сербия, Босния и Герцеговина, Болгария, Греция, Турция), а также в арбрешских поселениях Италии, представляющий безусловный интерес для научного сообщества и позволяющий сделать потенциально важный задел для будущих исследований регионов Балкан и Причерноморья.
В том 1 включены разделы, посвященные истории этнолокальной группы албанцев Украины и ее изучения, а также традициям и практикам в культуре и семейной обрядности.
В том 2 включены разделы, посвященные народной медицине как ресурсу жизнеобеспечения, а также традиционной одежде албанцев Буджака и Приазовья. В издании приводятся грамматический очерк говора албанцев Украины, а также диалектные тексты.
Research Interests:
Research Interests:
The paper presents new diachronic and synchronic data from the zones of intensive Slavic-non-Slavic contact in South-Eastern Europe within the framework of major theoretical issues of the Balkan and general contact linguistics. The... more
The paper presents new diachronic and synchronic data from the zones of intensive Slavic-non-Slavic contact in South-Eastern Europe within the framework of major theoretical issues of the Balkan and general contact linguistics. The contact induced change and variation through time and space (on the Island of Krk, in Tsakonia, in Prespa, in Golo Bordo, in Mrkovići and in Carașova) reveal the general paths of language convergence and the restrictions that apply to that convergence. Historically changing social circumstances of contact, such as symbiosis with dominant and non-dominant bilingualism are taken into consideration together with the roles of a high culture language vs. a language of traditional culture.